Barley

Barley is traded through distinct feed, malting and food channels. A comparable lot needs its intended use, variety or row type where relevant, crop year, grade, test weight, moisture, germination or malting characteristics, origin, Incoterm and delivery window.

Editorial evidence reviewedReviewed 2026-09-03Release 2026-09-19-batch-230
Global production
150M MT
2024/25
Market value
$35B
Producing countries tracked
29
Grading systems
4
Active supply risks
10
Trade corridors
9
Latest reviewed evidence

This release uses official USDA barley grades and government grain-market resources. The grade figures below are specification thresholds, not a live cash quote or a delivered physical price.

U.S. No. 1 minimum test weight
47
pounds per bushel · current U.S. barley grade standard
U.S. No. 2 minimum test weight
45
pounds per bushel · current U.S. barley grade standard
U.S. No. 3 minimum test weight
43
pounds per bushel · current U.S. barley grade standard

Feed, malting and food barley are separate

Feed barley is valued largely through energy, test weight and condition; malting barley adds variety, germination, protein, plumpness and process-performance requirements. Food barley can add pearling, colour and food-safety specifications. Atlas preserves the intended-use boundary instead of treating every lot as interchangeable grain.

Grade is only the starting point

Official grades provide factors such as test weight, damaged kernels, foreign material and other defects. Commercial contracts can add moisture, protein, germination, varietal purity, pesticide-residue, mycotoxin, fumigation and phytosanitary requirements, each tied to a sampling and test method.

Physical comparison needs delivery evidence

A usable barley offer identifies origin, crop year, feed or malting use, variety or row type where relevant, grade and quality limits, quantity, currency, Incoterm, load point or destination, shipment window and inspection evidence. Dated references or another grain's futures contract do not establish a lot-specific barley price.

Questions procurement teams ask

Are feed barley and malting barley the same product?

No. Malting barley requires process-critical characteristics such as variety, germination and protein controls that are not sufficient or always required for feed barley.

What is the U.S. No. 1 barley test-weight threshold?

The official U.S. standard lists a minimum of 47 pounds per bushel for U.S. No. 1 barley.

Does an official barley grade determine a delivered price?

No. A physical price also depends on origin, intended use, contract quality, quantity, currency, Incoterm, destination, logistics, delivery timing and evidence vintage.

Which fields make barley offers comparable?

Intended use, variety or row type where relevant, crop year, grade, test weight, moisture, germination or protein requirements, defects, quantity, origin, currency, Incoterm, destination, shipment window and evidence date.

Sources and provenance

Figures retain their source, period and review date. Corroboration is not promoted to primary evidence.

Barley Standards
USDA Agricultural Marketing Service · Primary government grade standard · accessed 2026-09-03
Grains, Feeds and Fodders
USDA Foreign Agricultural Service · Primary government data and analysis index · accessed 2026-09-03
Grain Inspection Handbooks
USDA Agricultural Marketing Service · Primary government inspection-method source · accessed 2026-09-03
Grading systems
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National and regional grading frameworks defining tradeable quality.
Producers
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Country-level production, share of global output, exporter/importer status.
Supply risks
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Active and seasonal supply-side risks — weather, disease, geopolitical, regulatory.
Documentation
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Required export and import documents per origin-destination corridor.