Cloves supply risks

Active and seasonal supply-side risks affecting cloves markets.

high

Geographic production concentration in Indonesia and Indian Ocean origins

high

Weather variability and cyclones in Indian Ocean producers

medium

Quality degradation during transport and storage

medium

Regulatory tightening on pesticide residues and contaminants

medium

Domestic demand competition from Indonesian kretek industry

medium

Sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) issues and pest/disease outbreaks