Latest reviewed evidence
FAO's Bangladesh Food Composition Table records dried and green Nelumbo nucifera seeds as separate foods. FAO's dated edible-nuts reference reports a representative ripe lotus-seed composition of 68 percent carbohydrate, 17 percent protein and 2.5 percent fat, while also noting removal of the bitter green embryo before use. Those dated composition figures support product understanding only: they are not a trade grade, laboratory result, current crop statement, availability signal or live price for an offered lot.
FAO dated lotus-seed carbohydrate reference
68
percent of representative ripe seed · FAO Non-Wood Forest Products 5, published 1995
FAO dated lotus-seed protein reference
17
percent of representative ripe seed · FAO Non-Wood Forest Products 5, published 1995
FAO dated lotus-seed fat reference
2.5
percent of representative ripe seed · FAO Non-Wood Forest Products 5, published 1995
Sacred lotus and water-lily seeds stay species-specific
Kew recognizes Nelumbo nucifera as an accepted species and records its seeds and rhizomes as edible. FAO food-composition records separately identify Nelumbo nucifera and Nymphaea lotus, while Euryale ferox is another seed sold in adjacent channels as fox nut or makhana. Atlas records the accepted scientific name, common name, plant part, origin and source evidence. A generic lotus-seed description cannot prove sacred-lotus identity or support silent substitution among Nelumbo, Nymphaea and Euryale products.
Green, mature, dried, dehulled and decored seeds are different products
FAO's Bangladesh table keeps green and dried Nelumbo nucifera seeds as separate food entries. Mature seeds may also be sold in shell, shelled, split, with the green embryo or germ retained, decored, roasted, boiled, powdered, pasted or otherwise prepared. Those states change moisture, edible yield, bitterness, cooking behavior, composition and value. Atlas retains maturity, fresh or dried state, shell and skin state, embryo state, whole or split form, process, additives, net weight and conversion basis instead of merging unlike observations.
Food lots and planting seed require different evidence
A food lot needs species and product-form identity, representative sampling, moisture and condition, foreign matter, insect and mould status, applicable contaminant and pesticide evidence, process and additive declarations, package, lot and destination compliance. Planting seed additionally needs cultivar or variety, treatment status, purity, germination and phytosanitary evidence under the relevant destination rules. Kew's orthodox-storage classification describes biological storage behaviour; it does not certify a commercial lot's germination, food safety or grade.
A composition reference does not establish a delivered lotus-seed price
A dated nutrient reference or food-table entry does not establish species verification, product form, grade, moisture, embryo state, current availability, transaction value, freight or destination cost for a present lot. A delivered comparison still needs permitted current observations for the exact species, maturity and processed form, quality and safety evidence, package, origin, quantity, currency, Incoterm, destination, delivery window, route costs and information vintage. Atlas withholds a physical estimate when those observations or usage rights are missing.