Benchmark contracts
| Benchmark | Type | Contract spec | Unit | Range | As of | Deliverable grade |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| California packers and handlers | physical_fob | US origin, current crop, Nonpareil Supreme grade, 23/25 count, standard moisture, bulk packed, FOB Oakland/Stockton. | USD/MT | 4500–5200 | May 2026 | — |
| California packers and handlers | physical_fob | US origin, current crop, Nonpareil Extra No.1, 27/30 kernel count per ounce, max defects per USDA standards, FOB California ports. | USD/MT | 5200–5800 | May 2026 | — |
| California packers and handlers | physical_fob | US origin, current crop, SSR kernels for industrial use, mixed varieties, standard defect tolerances, FOB California ports. | USD/MT | 3800–4300 | May 2026 | — |
| CME GroupHeadline | futures | Financially settled contract referencing a US almond price index, sized in pounds and quoted in USD/lb, converted here to USD/MT equivalent. | USD/MT | 4000–5000 | May 2026 | — |
Premium structure
Differentials between benchmarks reveal where physical almonds trades relative to the futures reference and how regional grades price against the global standard.
| Benchmark | Differential | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| California packers and handlers | — | |
| California packers and handlers | Other California varieties (e.g. Independence, Carmel type) typically trade at 100–400 USD/MT discount depending on size and quality. | |
| California packers and handlers | Typically trades at a discount of 700–1000 USD/MT to premium Nonpareil kernel benchmarks. | |
| CME Group | Physical Nonpareil kernel FOB values can trade at a premium or discount to the futures index depending on grade and freight. |
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